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What you'll learn from this article

This issue of Tradebreaker highlights news stories from around the world since the start of 2026 featuring contributions from the ImportGenius research team. This year to date, ImportGenius data has been used to: 

• Examine the Iran war’s impact on industries ranging from jet fuel to fashion. 
• Detail how China is helping Russia build its next-generation missiles. 
• Uncover how Russia has evaded sanctions with multiple European countries.  
• Reveal the billions of banknote dollars Iran received in shipments from Russia. 
• Show how China manages to buy American oil and sell it to — of all places — Cuba.

Front-page headlines

Imports of jet fuel stall amid conflict in the Middle East

Jet fuel shock looms on U.S. West Coast as Asian exports dry up - Captain Daily - Lori Ann LaRocco | South Korea’s jet fuel imports to the United States have dropped by 50% compared to the same month last year. Lead Analyst Lynn Hughes points out that rising jet fuel prices will have “significant implications for air freight and passenger travel and will drive certain routes and firms into unprofitability.” 

How the Iran war is reverberating through the fashion industry 

Understanding fashion’s latest supply chain shock - Vogue Business - Jessica Binns | Data from ImportGenius shows how fashion retailers ranging from The Gap and JC Penney to Levi’s and Adidas, who all depend upon a variety of port arrangements across the Middle East, are currently or potentially impacted by everything from missile strikes to rising insurance costs as a result of the war. 

Chinese tools and parts help Russia build new hypersonic Oreshnik missiles

How China is powering Putin’s deadliest new weapon - The Telegraph - Sophia Yan | Russia’s new Oreshnik missile, which can strike Europe within 20 minutes of launch, is being built with multiple inputs from China. In this widely syndicated and translated article, ImportGenius data reveals that China’s trade with Russia includes $10.3 billion in technology and advanced equipment, including $4.7 billion in microchips and memory boards, and a unique carousel lathe for turning and cutting metal. 

Moscow ships container loads of banknotes to Tehran

Revealed: Russia’s secret $2.5 billion cash shipments to Iran - The Telegraph - Eric Williams | ImportGenius data identified a total of 34 shipments of cold hard cash, weighing more than 5 tonnes in total, from Moscow’s Promsvyazbank to Iran’s central bank over 4 months in 2018, shortly after then-U.S. President Donald Trump first imposed punishing sanctions on the Islamic Republic. Each shipment, which traveled by rail and sea, was valued between $57 million and $115 million, largely in €500 notes. 

Latest updates: Chinese gold shipments to the port of Miami

Dictatorship grants two mining concessions to Chinese company that has already exported millions in gold to Miami - La Prensa | The China-Nicaragua-Miami nexus of mysterious gold shipments, first exposed with the help of ImportGenius last November, continues to generate headlines with the revelation that the Chinese mining company behind the shipments has received two more land concessions from the Nicaraguan government. 

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Business news

Council on Foreign Relations cites IG data on Chinese trade dependency

CFR poll shows Americans across party lines tie tariffs to affordability - Council on Foreign Relations - Rebecca Patterson | Amid this article’s in-depth reporting on how tariffs impact multiple aspects of daily life, the author cites data from ImportGenius’ own client publication, The Manifest, to show how America’s dependency on Chinese goods increases the cost of raising children.

A Chinese company is buying American oil — and selling it to Cuba

Chinese company in Cuba imports fuel for sale in dollars - Diario Las Américas - Editorial Staff | As Venezuela and Mexico have turned off its oil taps to Cuba in recent months, a Chinese company, Fujian Trebor Trading, has been purchasing oil from the United States and offering it for sale at Cuban ports. 

Peru becomes a dumping ground for unsafe cancer treatments

Cancer drugs are being scrapped at huge scale after quality failures in Peru - The Bureau of Investigative Journalism - Paul Eccles et al | ImportGenius helped track shipments of substandard or unsafe cancer drugs and medicines into Peru, one of many countries whose regulatory systems routinely fail to vet the quality of imported medicines. The WHO estimates that countries spend a combined $30bn a year on substandard and falsified medical products.

Snakebites, antivenom, and the illicit medicine trade

Venom and vacuum: How Nigeria’s antivenom shortage turns snakebites into death sentences - Punch - Tessy Igomu | Drawing on another dimension of the BIJ’s research into the global medicine trade, this article describes the impacts of Nigeria’s shortage of antivenom for the treatment of snakebites. The data shows that $3.2m worth of substandard antivenom has been sold to at least 13 sub-Saharan African countries over the past five years. 

Indonesia, with no diplomatic ties to Israel, imports Israeli military equipment  

Did the Indonesian National Armed Forces import anti-UAVs from Israel? – Portal Islam – Editorial Staff | ImportGenius data reveals that Indonesia’s military has sourced anti-drone (anti-UAV) systems from Israeli suppliers, despite the absence of formal diplomatic relations between the two countries. Records show that shipments were routed via intermediaries, highlighting how defense procurement networks operate through third parties to bypass political sensitivities and scrutiny.

Spotlight: Russian sanctions evasion

Germany, Denmark, Netherlands and others implicated in illicit Russian trade

Many news organizations are investigating how Russia has been able to step up its war efforts in Ukraine despite crippling economic and trade sanctions. ImportGenius data and analysis has helped uncover multiple examples of how Russia has been able to secure essential kit from Europe — and sell its own banned products there — all while evading authorities. 

‍Made in the EU, dropped on Kyiv: How European parts are enabling Russia’s winter drone war - The Organized Crime and Corruption Reporting Project - Ingrid Gercama et al |  ImportGenius data exposed the rerouting of European components to Russia via China and Hong Kong. 

A Russian agent in Germany and the glycerin trade - Correctiv - Max Bernhard and Alexej Hock | This article tracks down the source behind recent shipments from Germany to Russia of glycerine, a raw material for many explosives.  

Dutch company Ellis Enterprises allegedly exported sanctioned oil products to Russia - RTL Z - Matthias Pauw | Data shows that the European division of Valvoline has been repeatedly exporting lubricants and other sanctioned oil products to Russia.

Russian Ferrochrome reaches Europe through through a Swiss-Indian-Estonian trading chain - Hab.Media - Olena Yurchenko | Trade data follows the byzantine path of ferrochrome, an essential ingredient in stainless steel, from Russia into Europe in order to evade sanctions

Danish company collaborated to send equipment worth millions to Russian military factory - Berlingske - Julie Schneider, Louie McPherson and Dylan Carter | The meandering trail of dual-use equipment provided to Russia, via Azerbaijan and Hong Kong, by the Denmark offices of the industrial engineering firm East Consult. 

Five Asturian industries exported dual-use equipment to Russia between 2019 and 2022 - Nortes - Bernardo Àlvarez | This article identified five companies from the Asturias region of northern Spain that exported equipment with both civilian and military uses, in contravention of EU sanctions regulations. 

Sanctioned goods to Russia - Suomen Kuvalehti - Jukka Heinonen | ImportGenius data showed how Finnish businessman Gabriel Temin’s companies, Siberica and Luminor, exported defense equipment to Russia. Temin was handed a nine-month suspended sentence for the crime.  

Investigations 

펜타닐 전구체 화학물질이 중국과 인도에서 북미로 유입되는 과정

전구체 유통업자들 – 더 글로브 앤 메일 – 제임스 그리피스, 캐서린 블레이즈 바움 | ImportGenius 데이터는 규제 강화에도 불구하고 펜타닐 생산에 사용되는 전구체 화학물질이 중국과 인도의 공급업체에서 북미의 구매자에게로 선적되는 과정을 추적하는 데 도움이 됩니다. 

우크라이나 농업 기업이 글로벌 무역을 이용해 투자자들의 이익을 가로챈 방법

커널 스캔들: 안드레이 베레프스키가 주식을 희석시키고 수십억 달러를 우크라이나 밖으로 빼돌린 방법 – 안티코르 – 편집부 | ImportGenius 데이터는 커널 홀딩 및 그 계열사와 관련된 국제 무역 활동을 파악하는 데 도움이 되며, 이는 회사의 글로벌 운영 규모를 보여주고 기업 구조조정 및 무역 메커니즘이 이익을 해외로 이전하고 소액 투자자들을 소외시키는 데 사용되었다는 주장을 뒷받침합니다. 

벨기에 동물원의 버팔로는 지금 어디를 돌아다니는가

동물 이송: 파이리 다이자(Pairi Daiza)가 버팔로 7마리를 인도의 논란 많은 동물원으로 보낸 이유 – 크나크 – 로테 베브라우어 | ImportGenius 데이터는 벨기에 파이리 다이자 동물원의 버팔로 7마리가 인도의 사설 야생동물 공원으로 국제적으로 이동한 과정을 추적하는 데 도움이 되며, 이는 목적지 시설의 기준과 감독에 대해 동물 복지 단체들의 조사를 받게 되었습니다.

중국에서 해체되어 카자흐스탄에서 재조립되다

카즈텐하 버스는 카자흐스탄산인가, 중국산인가? – 아자티크 | ImportGenius 데이터는 겉으로는 카자흐스탄에서 만들어진 버스가 사실은 중국에서 만들어져 해체된 후 부품으로 카자흐스탄으로 운송되어 재조립되었으며, 이 모든 것이 정부 산업 보조금을 받기 위함이었다는 오랫동안 잠재되어 있던 의혹을 밝혀줍니다. 

향후 전망: IG 리서치팀의 추천

패트릭의 추천: 카탈룸, 전면 가동 중단에서 60% 가동으로 전환: 호르무즈 해협 혼란 속 운영 현황 업데이트 - 상하이 금속 시장 (SMM) | 걸프 지역은 중국 외 알루미늄 공급량의 약 20%를 차지하며, 카탈룸 제련소의 운명은 미국-이스라엘-이란 분쟁으로 인한 글로벌 시장의 취약한 상태를 반영합니다. 카탈룸은 전면 가동 중단을 피하기 위해 가스 공급량을 줄이는 데 성공했습니다. 전면 중단 시 재가동에는 최소 6개월이 소요됩니다. 그러나 완제품 금속을 글로벌 시장에 수출할 수 없고 카탈룸 투입물의 공급 안정성도 불확실하여 전면 가동 중단 위험은 여전히 남아 있습니다. 

윌리엄의 추천: 이란 전쟁으로 미국 농부들, 비료 가격 및 가용성 우려 - AP 통신 - 잭 듀라 | 미국 비료 수입량의 약 15%가 걸프 지역에서 오며, 미국 농부들은 봄 파종을 위해 막대한 양의 비료를 시급히 필요로 합니다. 더욱이 미국의 다른 많은 글로벌 비료 공급업체들도 걸프 지역에서 원자재를 조달하고 있어 공급 위험에 처해 있습니다. 방글라데시는 이미 카타르 천연가스 부족으로 비료 공장을 폐쇄했습니다. 또한 미국 농업국 연맹(American Farm Bureau Federation)에 따르면, 핵심 성분인 요소의 전 세계 공급량 약 절반과 암모니아의 30%가 이 지역에서 나옵니다. 미국은 주요 비료 생산국인 베네수엘라에 대한 제재를 완화하고 있으며, 모로코에서 비료를 조달하기 위해 노력하고 있습니다.

린의 추천: 기뢰전의 심리적 측면  - 해군 연구 그룹 - 윌리엄 L. 그리어 & 제임스 C. 바솔로뮤, 해군 소령 | 1983년에 작성된 이 논문은 현재의 사건들을 고려할 때 오늘날에도 읽어볼 가치가 충분합니다. "기뢰전은 무관심의 역사를 겪었으며, 이따금씩 관심이 재개될 때마다 누군가가 여전히 이를 통제하고 있다고 착각하게 만듭니다(...) 기뢰밭이 선박의 움직임을 더 많이 통제할수록 기뢰밭의 효과는 더욱 커집니다. 통제는 잠재적 피해에 대한 인간의 인식에서 비롯되며, 종종 고개를 끄덕이며 인정하지만 그 모호한 특성 때문에 거의 강조되지 않는 기뢰전의 한 측면, 즉 기뢰밭의 심리적 영향에서 발생합니다." 

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